In this lime plaster guide, we will be answering some of the most commonly asked questions about lime plaster, including what it is, why you should use it, and how it is applied.
Whether you are a homeowner looking to update your walls or a professional contractor looking for a new finish to offer your clients, this article will provide you with the information you need to get started with lime plaster.
What is Lime Plaster?
Lime plaster is a traditional wall finish that has been used for thousands of years. It is still in use today thanks to its many benefits, although gypsum-based plasters and cement plasters are now often used in its place.
It’s a type of plaster that has been used for thousands of years and is still in use today. It is an eco-friendly option that is made from natural materials and is breathable, meaning air can pass through it. This allows moisture to escape, preventing damp issues.
Lime plaster is an internal wall finish that can be carried out in a number of ways, and there are several different types of lime plaster available.
What are the ingredients of Lime Plaster?
Lime plaster consists of sand, water, and lime. The lime used in lime plaster is made by heating limestone in a kiln, leaving only calcium oxide, known as quicklime. When quicklime is combined with sand and water, lime plaster is produced.
How is Lime Plaster made?
To make lime plaster, the lime is mixed with sand and water to create a paste. This paste is then applied to a surface, such as a wall or ceiling, and left to dry. Once the plaster has dried, it can be sanded and painted.
What are the different types of Lime Plaster?
There are several different types of lime plaster, including:
- Hydraulic lime plaster: This type of lime plaster is made with hydraulic lime, which sets and hardens when exposed to water. It is a good option for areas that are exposed to moisture, such as bathrooms and kitchens.
- Non-hydraulic lime plaster: This type of lime plaster does not set or harden when exposed to water. It is a good option for areas that are not exposed to moisture, such as living rooms and bedrooms.
- Lime putty plaster: This type of lime plaster is made from lime putty, which is a mixture of hydrated lime and water. It is a good option for areas that require a smooth finish, such as ceilings and walls.
Overall, lime plaster is a durable and eco-friendly option that can add a unique look and feel to any space.
Advantages of Lime Plaster
Lime plaster has been used as a wall finish for thousands of years and is still in use today. Although it has been largely replaced by modern gypsum-based plasters, more and more renovators and owners of period properties are realizing its importance.
Even those building new homes are discovering its benefits. In this section, we will explore the advantages of lime plaster.
What are the modern types of lime plaster?
There are a few modern types of plastering especially for lime plasters that have been developed to cater to contemporary construction needs while still retaining the benefits of traditional lime plaster.
These modern varieties often come pre-mixed and ready-to-use, making them more accessible and convenient for both professionals and DIY enthusiasts.
One popular modern type of lime plaster is hydraulic lime plaster, which contains hydraulic lime, a binder that sets and hardens when mixed with water. This type of plaster offers quicker setting times and improved water resistance compared to non-hydraulic lime plasters.
Another modern option is the use of lime plaster combined with additives, such as fibers, to enhance the plaster’s strength, durability, and workability.
These modern types of lime plaster still provide the same breathability and moisture management that traditional lime plaster is known for, making them a suitable choice for both new builds and restoration projects.
Why choose Lime Plaster over other types of plaster?
Lime plaster has several advantages over other types of plaster. Let’s look at it in more detail within the lime plaster guide.
Firstly, it is more breathable than cement or gypsum-based plasters. This means that it allows moisture to escape from the walls, preventing dampness and mold growth.
It is also more flexible than cement or gypsum-based plasters, which means that it can move with the building as it settles without cracking.
Finally, lime plaster is more environmentally friendly than cement or gypsum-based plasters. It is made from natural materials and has a lower carbon footprint.
What are the benefits of Lime Plaster?
First, it is a natural material that is free of harmful chemicals and toxins. This makes it a healthier choice for both the occupants of the building and the environment. They are a durable material that can last for many years without needing to be replaced. This makes it a cost-effective choice in the long run.
Lime plaster also has a unique aesthetic that is popular in both traditional and modern homes. It can be used to create a rustic or textured look that is hard to achieve with other types of plaster.
In summary, lime plaster is a breathable, flexible, environmentally friendly, natural, durable, and aesthetically pleasing material that has several advantages over other types of plaster.
What are the potential drawbacks of Lime Plaster?
One of the main disadvantages of lime plaster is that it can take a long time to set. The hardening process can take months, depending on the type of lime plaster used. This slow and unpredictable set time can make it difficult to plan and schedule construction projects.
Another potential drawback of lime plaster is that it can be more expensive than other types of plaster. Lime products tend to be more expensive to buy than cement, and the process of applying lime plaster takes longer and is more involved, meaning higher labor costs.
In addition, non-hydraulic lime plaster requires moisture to set and prevents it from drying for several days. This can be problematic in areas with high humidity or where moisture is a concern.
When might Lime Plaster not be the best choice?
While lime plaster has many benefits, there are certain situations where it may not be the best choice. For example, if you’re looking for a hard, durable finish, hydraulic lime plaster may not be as hard as cement plaster.
Additionally, if you’re working on a tight schedule or budget, the slow set time and higher costs associated with lime plaster may not be feasible.
In areas with high humidity or where moisture is a concern, non-hydraulic lime plaster may not be the best choice. In these situations, other types of plaster, such as cement or gypsum-based plasters, may be more appropriate.
Overall, while lime plaster has its drawbacks, it remains a popular choice for many construction projects due to its many benefits.
How to Apply Lime Plaster
Is lime plastering difficult?
Lime plastering can be perceived as difficult, especially for those who are inexperienced or unfamiliar with the material and its application techniques.
Lime plaster has a unique working consistency and setting time compared to more common gypsum-based plasters, which might pose challenges for those not accustomed to it. However, with proper guidance, practice, and patience, learning how to apply lime plaster can be a rewarding skill to acquire.
One key aspect of working with lime plaster is understanding its unique properties, such as slower drying times and the need for proper curing. This often means applying multiple thin coats, allowing each to dry adequately before applying the next.
Additionally, mixing the plaster to achieve the correct consistency is crucial for a successful application. It is essential to follow the manufacturer’s guidelines or seek advice from experienced professionals when working with lime plaster.
Once the basics are mastered, lime plastering can become a manageable and rewarding task, offering numerous benefits for both historic preservation and sustainable construction.
What is the process of applying lime plaster?
Lime plaster is commonly applied using a three-coat system, which involves gradually building up thin layers over time, with each coat allowed to set before applying the next one.
The first coat is the ‘scratch coat’, typically around 10mm thick, which is applied to the substrate, such as lath or exposed masonry. This coat is made of coarse aggregate, which is scratched to create a rough finish that provides a good key for the next coat. It usually takes about 10 days to set, but can take longer.
The second coat is called the ‘float coat’, which is also made of coarse aggregate and is 10mm thick. It is smoothed flatter and lightly scratched to provide a key for the final coat. This coat also takes around 10 days to set.
The final coat is the ‘skim coat’ or finish coat, which is only 4mm thick and is made with a smooth aggregate to create a decorative finish. It takes approximately four days to set.
If you are using a lime-based plaster, there are products available in the market designed to reduce labor and make the initial base coat unnecessary.
How to prepare the walls for lime plaster?
If you have hired a professional plasterer to apply lime plaster, they may offer wall preparation services. However, doing the preparation work yourself can save you money.
For solid stone or brick walls, it’s recommended to remove any old or loose lime plaster, along with all dust and loose material. If some old plaster is still in good condition, it can be left in place.
For walls made from timber laths, broken laths should be replaced, and old, loose plaster should be removed. If you want your new lime plaster to match any old plaster that you are keeping, you should ask your specialist to match it as closely as possible. Once the walls are clean and ready, they are typically sprayed with a fine mist of clean water.
What tools and equipment are needed?
This section of the lime plaster guide looks at the plastering tools you need to apply. Some of them include
- Trowel
- Hawk
- Float
- Bucket
- Water
- Lime plaster mix
- Safety goggles
- Dust mask
- Gloves
What are the best practices for applying Lime Plaster?
Here are some best practices for applying lime plaster:
- Ensure that the substrate is clean, dry, and free of dust and debris.
- Mix the lime plaster according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Apply the scratch coat to the substrate, using the trowel to spread it evenly.
- Allow the scratch coat to set before applying the brown coat.
- Apply the brown coat, using the float to smooth it out.
- Allow the brown coat to set before applying the finish coat.
- Apply the finish coat, using the trowel or float to achieve the desired texture.
- Allow the finish coat to dry completely before applying any paint or wallpaper.
Overall, applying lime plaster requires patience and attention to detail. By following these best practices, you can achieve a beautiful and durable finish that will last for years to come.
Maintaing lime plaster
This section of the lime plaster guide looks at its maintenance. Lime plaster is a durable and long-lasting finish that can add character and charm to any home. However, like any other wall finish, it requires proper maintenance to retain its beauty and integrity. Let’s look at how to care for, repair, and prevent damage to lime plaster.
What are the measures to take care of it?
Lime plaster is a natural material that requires gentle care. To keep it looking its best, it is important to clean it regularly. The best way to clean lime plaster is to use a soft-bristled brush or a dry cloth to remove dust and dirt. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners as they can damage the plaster.
In addition to cleaning, it is important to maintain the humidity levels in your home. Lime plaster is a natural dehumidifier, which means it can absorb and release moisture from the air. However, if the air is too dry, the plaster can become brittle and crack. To prevent this, use a humidifier in the winter months and keep the windows open in the summer.
How to repair Lime Plaster?
If your lime plaster has been damaged, it is important to repair it as soon as possible to prevent further damage. The first step is to assess the extent of the damage. If it is a small crack or hole, it can be repaired with a lime putty. For larger repairs, it may be necessary to remove the damaged plaster and reapply a new coat.
When repairing lime plaster, it is important to use the same type of plaster that was originally used. Mixing different types of plaster can result in uneven drying and cracking. It is also important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions for mixing and applying the plaster.
How to prevent damage to Lime Plaster?
Preventing damage to lime plaster is the best way to ensure its longevity. One of the most common causes of damage to lime plaster is water. To prevent water damage, make sure that the roof and gutters are in good condition and that there are no leaks in the plumbing.
Another way to prevent damage to lime plaster is to avoid hanging heavy objects on the walls. Lime plaster is not as strong as other wall finishes, and heavy objects can cause it to crack or crumble. If you need to hang something on the wall, use a stud finder to locate a solid backing and use a proper anchor.
In conclusion, lime plaster is a beautiful and durable wall finish that requires proper maintenance to retain its beauty and integrity. By following the tips outlined in this section, you can keep your lime plaster looking its best for years to come.
Conclusion
In this lime plaster guide, we understood various questions relating to this material. As noted, it is a traditional building material that has stood the test of time. Although it may be more expensive than cement-based products, it offers several benefits that make it a worthwhile investment for those who value quality and sustainability.
Lime plaster is a versatile plastering material that can be used for a variety of applications, including interior and exterior walls, ceilings, and decorative finishes. It is also an eco-friendly option, as it is made from natural materials and has a low carbon footprint.
When it comes to applying lime plaster, it is important to hire a skilled professional who has experience working with this material. The process of applying lime plaster is more involved than that of cement plaster, and requires a certain level of expertise to achieve a high-quality finish.
Overall, lime plaster is a great choice for those who are looking for a durable, sustainable, and aesthetically pleasing building material. Whether you are renovating an old home or building a new one, lime plaster is definitely worth considering.
Get in touch with us so we can guide you through the process of plastering.
